Plumbing and heating employers across Scotland remain dedicated to training the next generation, but escalating costs, rising financial risk and the day-to-day demands of running apprenticeships are stretching that commitment.

A new SNIPEF report, The Forgotten Side of the Apprenticeship Triangle, explores the pressures facing firms that invest in apprentices and sets out what must change to safeguard Scotland's skills pipeline.

Drawing on a national employer survey and five regional working groups, the report reflects the views and experiences of more than 240 plumbing and heating employers. Its findings and proposals have also won broader backing from businesses across the sector.

The research underscores the often overlooked role employers play in the system. While public debate on skills funding frequently centres on apprentices and training providers, it is employers who carry the responsibility for wages, supervision, on-the-job training and workplace development throughout a four-year apprenticeship.

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Despite their ongoing commitment, many employers say the financial burden and risks associated with training are making it increasingly challenging to recruit new apprentices and to sustain investment in the future workforce.

The report recommends action in four areas:

- Targeted financial assistance: Provide support for employers delivering apprenticeships, especially to cover wages during mandatory college attendance and supervision costs in the early years of training.

- Recognition of apprentice wage rates: Ensure nationally agreed apprentice wage rates are recognised within local, regional and national grants and employer support schemes.

- Fairer public procurement: Require public contracts to explicitly cost and fund apprenticeship commitments imposed via social value or community benefit clauses.

- Flexible training pathways: Explore accredited routes that acknowledge relevant existing skills and experience while upholding established standards of competence and safety.

SNIPEF stresses this is not a critique of the apprenticeship model. It affirms the value of Scotland's established four-year framework and recognises the commitment of employers, apprentices and colleges to building a highly skilled workforce.

Instead, the report argues for a more balanced approach to policy that treats employers as an essential, equal partner in the apprenticeship triangle.

Without employers who are willing and able to hire, train and invest, Scotland will struggle to develop the skilled workforce needed to meet future housing, infrastructure and energy goals.

SNIPEF is urging the Scottish Government, public bodies and industry partners to work together to address these challenges and ensure apprenticeships remain a viable and attractive investment for businesses of all sizes. The full report is available to download from SNIPEF's website.