Education Convener Paul Godzik was joined by Minister for Learning Dr Alasdair Allan in performing the opening ceremony.
The new Malala building is part of the £42.8m James Gillespie's Campus Project which will see new buildings being developed across all aspects of the campus.
The Scottish Government has provided £20 million towards the project.
Morrison Construction are the main contractors on site.
The first phase of the project saw the completion of the new nursery, two new classrooms and a gym at James Gillespie's Primary School in August 2013.
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A new synthetic pitch at Thirlestane Road was also delivered.
The second phase involved the development of the new Malala building which will be the main teaching block for the high school.
The building was completed in April and consists of 57 classroom spaces with full-height glazing and four collaboration spaces along with external courtyards.
Dining and social spaces have also been developed.
The final phase of works will see the demolition of the remaining buildings from the old high school.
This will allow the delivery of the new sports and performance buildings.
The A-listed Bruntsfield House at the centre of the campus is also undergoing a refurbishment.
Cllr Paul Godzik said: "I’m delighted to see the progress that has been made on this project, and to welcome the Minister Dr Alasdair Allan to James Gillespie’s High School."
Minister for Learning, Alasdair Allan, said: "This is an exciting day for pupils and staff at James Gillespie’s High School and I was delighted to be at the official opening of the new Malala Building."
(LM)
